Thus, when the equivalent doses for all organs and tissues are multiplied by their respective tissue weighting factors and the products are summed, the result is an effective dose of 1 millisievert. The skin of the whole body is assigned a factor of 0.01. Bone marrow, colon, lungs, stomach and breasts are given a high factor of 0.12 because these are organs with high risks of radiation-induced fatal cancer. To calculate effective doses, the equivalent doses for individual tissues are multiplied by their respective tissue weighting factors and the products are summed. That is, equivalent doses are 1 mSv for all organs and tissues. Since the radiation weighting factor (W R) for γ-rays is 1, the whole body being evenly exposed to 1 mGy means that the whole body is evenly exposed to 1 mSv (1 gray × 1 (W R) = 1 millisievert). Methods for calculating an effective dose when the whole body is evenly exposed to 1 mGy of γ-ray irradiation and an effective dose when only the head is exposed to 1 mGy of γ-ray irradiation are compared.
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